Atty. Bryan Villarosa

Probable Cause

Probable cause is the existence of facts and circumstances that engenders a well-founded belief that a crime is more likely than not committed, that the respondent is probably guilty and should be

Portuguez vs. GSIS (2007)

Doctrines Facts The petitioner, Ricardo Portuguez, alleged that he was discriminated against by the GSIS Family Bank in terms of payment of salary and grant of benefits and allowances. He claimed that

CIR vs. St. Lukes Digest

“The Charitable Shall Still Pay Tax” Facts St. Lukes is a charitable, non-stock, non-profit hospital but it receives paying patients. BIR assessed St. Lukes arguing it is liable under Sec.27(b) as “proprietary

Andaya vs. People Digest

Facts The case involves a criminal complaint against Noe S. Andaya, who was the president and general manager of the Armed Forces and Police Savings and Loan Association, Inc. (AFPSLAI). Andaya sought

Marcos II vs. CA Digest

Facts After the former President Marcos died, a Special Tax Audit Team conducted investigations of the tax obligaitons of the late president. They found out that the Marcoses failed to file a

Medicard vs. CIR Digest

Facts CIR found discrepancies in the ITR of Medicard. It then issued a Letter of Notice (LN) to Medicard, then PAN, then FAN. No issuance of LOA to the revenue officer. Arguments CIR:

Limbona vs. Magelin Digest

Facts Petitioner Sultan Alimbusar Limbona was chosen to be part of a local governing body, the Sangguniang Pampook, and became its Speaker of an autonomous region in Mindanao. He was then invited

Chavez v. Public Estates Authority (PEA) Digest

Facts In 1973, Government signed a contract with CDCP to reclaim certain foreshore and offshore areas of Manila Bay, as well as roads. Pres. Marcos Sr. created Philippine Estates Authority (PEA) with