Legal Library

Testimonial Evidence in the Philippines

Who are qualified to be witnesses?  Any person who can perceive, and perceiving, and can make known their perception to others. (Rule 130 Sec. 21) Three qualifications: What grounds are not qualified

Judicial Affidavit Rule in the Philippines

As substantiated in A.M. No. 12-8-8-SC What is judicial affidavit rule? Is a rule or system introduced by the Supreme Court to reduce the time used for presenting the testimonies of witnesses,

Original Document Rule in the Philippines

Rule 130 Sec. 3  What is the “best evidence rule” in the Philippines?  This is the former name for what is now called as “Original Document Rule” as embodied under Rule 130

Labor Relations

Labor relations are the interactions between employers and employees or their representatives and the procedure by which labor standards are negotiated, adjusted, and enforced. What are the goals and policies of labor

Jurisdiction of Labor Arbiters and NLRC

In case there are issues between employers and employees, who has the power to hear and decide (jurisdiction) such issues? It is the Labor Arbiter under the NLRC.  What is a labor

Labor Union in the Philippines

A labor union is any organization in the private sector that exists for collective bargaining, other legitimate purposes or dealing with employers concerning the terms and conditions of employment. (Art. 219(g), Labor

a boss using his position to ask illicit favors from a woman employee in exchange of favors in the workplace

Sexual Harassment Law in the Philippines

Being sexually taken advantage of, especially if one needs income or education, is a traumatic and painful experience that one will experience. In your effort to survive in this harsh world, note

Probable Cause

Probable cause is the existence of facts and circumstances that engenders a well-founded belief that a crime is more likely than not committed, that the respondent is probably guilty and should be

Portuguez vs. GSIS (2007)

Doctrines Facts The petitioner, Ricardo Portuguez, alleged that he was discriminated against by the GSIS Family Bank in terms of payment of salary and grant of benefits and allowances. He claimed that

en_USEnglish