Which of the following decisions may be appealed directly to the Supreme Court (SC)? (Assume that the issues to be raised on appeal involve purely questions of law) (1%)
(A) Decision of the Regional Trial Court (RTC) rendered in the exercise of its appellate jurisdiction
(B) Decision of the RTC rendered in the exercise of its original jurisdiction
(C) Decision of the Civil Service Commission
(D) Decision of the Office of the President
Suggested answer only. Not an official answer and not legal advice.
(B) Decision of the RTC rendered in the exercise of its original jurisdiction is the correct answer. Under Section 2(c), Rule 41 in relation to Rule 45 of the Rules of Court, an appeal from a judgment of the
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Quick check
Which RTC decisions may be appealed directly to the Supreme Court on purely questions of law?
RTC judgments in the exercise of original jurisdiction raising purely legal questions are appealable directly to the Supreme Court.
How are decisions of the Civil Service Commission appealed under the Rules of Court?
Decisions of the Civil Service Commission are appealable to the Court of Appeals via Rule 43 petition for review.
What is the proper remedy to appeal an RTC decision rendered in the exercise of its appellate jurisdiction?
RTC decisions rendered in its appellate jurisdiction must be appealed to the Court of Appeals under Rule 42.
What issue may be raised in a direct appeal to the Supreme Court from an RTC original decision under Rule 45?
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What is the consequence of appealing an RTC decision to the Supreme Court when questions of fact are raised?
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Learn more about these topics
1. Direct SC Appeal
Under Rule 45 of the Rules of Court, a party desiring to appeal by certiorari from a judgment, final order, or resolution of the Regional Trial Court rendered in the exercise of its original jurisdiction may file a petition directly with the Supreme Court. This direct appeal is permissible only when the appeal raises purely questions of law. If the appeal involves questions of fact or mixed questions of fact and law, taking a direct appeal to the Supreme Court is improper and constitutes a ground for dismissal of the appeal.
2. Quasi-Judicial Appeals
Decisions, judgments, or final orders of quasi-judicial agencies such as the Civil Service Commission and the Office of the President are not appealable directly to the Supreme Court. Under Rule 43 of the Rules of Court, appeals from quasi-judicial bodies must be taken to the Court of Appeals via a petition for review. This rule applies regardless of whether the issues raised involve questions of fact, questions of law, or mixed questions of fact and law, establishing a uniform appellate procedure for administrative decisions.
3. RTC Appellate Judgments
When a Regional Trial Court renders a judgment in the exercise of its appellate jurisdiction reviewing a decision of a First Level Court, an appeal from such judgment must be taken to the Court of Appeals under Rule 42. A party cannot appeal an RTC appellate decision directly to the Supreme Court, even if the appeal raises purely questions of law. Rule 42 mandates filing a petition for review with the Court of Appeals, preserving the hierarchical order of appellate review.